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.Table of Contents x-ix
Preface xiv
Andrew R. Marks
Columbia University Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
PART 1 – CELL DEATH
1 Pharmacological manipulation of cell death: clinical applications in sight?
Guido Kroemer and Douglas Green
Center for National Scientific Research, Villejif Cedex, France.
2 Pharmacological manipulation of Bcl-2 family members to control cell death
Anthony G. Letai
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
3 Caspases: Pharmacological manipulation of cell death
Inna N. Lavrik, Alexander Golks, and Peter H. Krammer
German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
4 IKK/NF-B signaling: balancing life and death– a new approach to cancer therapy
Jun-Li Luo, Hideaki Kamata, and Michael Karin
University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
5 Reawakening the cellular death program in neoplasia through
therapeutic blockade of IAP function
Casey W. Wright and Colin Duckett
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
6 The survival kinases Akt and Pim as potential pharmacologic targets
Ravi Amaravadi and Craig Thompson
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
7 Mitochondria: pharmacological manipulation of cell death
Lisa Bouchier-Hayes, Lydia Lartigue, and Donald Newmeyer
La Jolla Institute for Allergies and Immunology, San Diego, California, USA.
8 Death versus survival: functional interaction between the apoptotic and
stress-inducible heat shock protein pathways
Helen M. Beere
La Jolla Institute for Allergies and Immunology, San Diego, California, USA.
9 Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
Beth Levine and Junying Yuan
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
10 Endoplasmic reticulum stress: cell life and death decisions
Chunyan Xu, Beatrice Bailly-Maitre, and John Reed
The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.
PART 2 – ONCOLOGY
11 Dysregulation of Met receptor tyrosine kinase activity in invasive tumors
Alla Danilkovitch-Miagkova and Berton Zbar
National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
12 Integrins in invasive growth
Cord Brakebusch, Daniel Bouvard, Fabio Stanchi, Takao Sakai, and Reinhard Fassler
Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
13 Stat proteins and oncogenesis
Jacqueline Bromberg
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
14 The cadherin-catenin adhesion system in signaling and cancer
Maralice Conacci-Sorrell, Jacob Zhurinsky, and Avri Ben-Ze’ev
Weismann Institute, Rehovot, Israel.
15 Do tumor-suppressive mechanisms contribute to organism aging by inducing
stem cell senescence?
Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
16 When cells get stressed: an integrative view of cellular senescence
Ittai Ben-Porath and Robert A. Weinberg
The Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
17 Telomeres, stem cells, senescence, and cancer
Norman E. Sharpless and Ronald A. DePinho
Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
18 Bmi1, stem cells, and senescence regulation
In-Kyung Park, Sean J. Morrison, and Michael F. Clarke
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
19 Cellular senescence in cancer treatment: friend or foe?
Pascal Kahlem, Bernd Dorken, and Clemens A. Schmitt
Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
20 Mechanisms for pituitary tumorigenesis: the plastic pituitary
Shlomo Melmed
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
21 Melanoma genetics and the development of rational therapeutics
Yakov Chudnovsky, Paul A. Khavari, and Amy E. Adams
Stanford University School of medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
22 Immunopathogenesis and therapy of cutaneous T cell lymphoma
Ellen J. Kim, Stephen Hess, Stephen K. Richardson, Sara Newton, Bernice M. Benoit, Ravi Ubriani, Carmela C. Vittorio, Jacqueline M. Junkins-Hopkins, Maria Wysocka, Alain H. Rook
23 Cancer vaccines: progress reveals new complexities
Zhiya Yu and Nicholas P. Restifo
National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
PART 3 – IMMUNE SYSTEM and IMMUNE-MEDIATED INJURY
24 IFNs and STATs in innate immunity to microorganisms
Thomas Decker, Silvia Stockinger, Marina Karaghiosoff, Mathias Muller, and Pavel Kovarik
Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria.
25 Molecular aspects of primary immunodeficiencies: lessons from cytokine and
other signaling pathways
Fabio Candotti, Luigi Notarangelo, Roberta Visconti, and John O’Shea
National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
26 An integrated view of suppressor T cell subsets in immunoregulation
Hong Jiang and Leonard Chess
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
27 CD4+ Tregs and immune control
Zoltan Fehervari and Shimon Sakaguchi
Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
28 Tregs and allergic disease
Douglas S. Robinson, Mark Larche, and Stephen R. Durham
Imperial College, London, Great Britain.
29 Tregs and transplantation tolerance
Patrick T. Walsh, Devon K. Taylor, and Laurence A. Turka
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
30 C-reactive protein: a critical update
Mark Pepys and Gideon Hirschfield
Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
31 New insights into atopic dermatitis
Donald Y.M. Leung, Mark Boguniewicz, Michael D. Howell, Ichiro Nomura,
and Qutayba A. Hamid
National Jewish Center, Denver, Colorado, USA.
32 Recent insights into the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis provide
new therapeutic opportunities
Brian J. Nickoloff and Frank O. Nestle
Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA.
University of Zurich Medical School, Zurich, Switzerland.
33 Exploiting dendritic cells to improve vaccine efficacy
Ralph M. Steinman and Melissa Pope
Rockefeller University, New York, USA.
PART 4 – INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Clinical Syndromes
34 The enigma of sepsis
Niels C. Riedemann, Ren-Feng Guo, and Peter A. Ward
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Gram-positive bacteria in health and disease
35 Antimicrobial resistance: the example of Staphylococcus aureus
Franklin D. Lowy
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
36 Bacterial infectious disease control by vaccine development Roy Curtiss, III
Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
.
37 Development of an improved vaccine for anthrax
Stephen H. Leppla, John B. Robbins, Rachel Schneerson, and Joseph Shiloach
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Gram-negative bacteria in health and disease
38 Helicobacter pylori persistence: biology and disease
Martin J. Blaser and John C. Atherton
New York University Medical Center, New York, USA.
39 The emergence of Lyme disease
Allen C. Steere, Jenifer Coburn, and Lisa Glickstein
Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Bacterial communication
40 The application of biofilm science to the study and control of chronic
bacterial infections
William Costerton, Richard Veeh, Mark Shirtliff, Mark Pasmore,
Christopher Post, and Garth Ehrlich
Montana State University, Montana, USA.
41 Quorum sensing in Staphylococcus infections
Jeremy M. Yarwood and Patrick M. Schlievert
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
42 Quorum sensing and biofilm formation in Streptococcal infections
Dennis G. Cvitkovitch, Yung-Hua Li, and Richard P. Ellen
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
43 Pharmacological inhibition of quorum sensing for the treatment of chronic bacterial infections
Morten Hentzer and Michael Givskov
Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
44 Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing as a potential antimicrobial target 20364
Roger S. Smith and Barbara H. Iglewski
University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.
Protozoal Infections
45 Antimalarial drug resistance
Nicholas J. White
Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Parasitic infections
46 Human African trypanosomiasis of the CNS: current issues and challenges
Peter G.E. Kennedy
University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland.
PART 5 –VIRAL DISEASES
47 SARS coronavirus: a new challenge for prevention and therapy
Kathryn Holmes
University of Colorado Health Science Center, Denver, Colorado, USA.
48 Acute HIV revisited: new opportunities for treatment and prevention
Christopher D. Pilcher, Joseph J. Eron Jr., Shannon Galvin, Cynthia Gay, and Myron S. Cohen
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
49 Strategies for an HIV vaccine
Norman L. Letvin
Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
50 Dengue: defining protective versus pathologic immunity
Alan L. Rothman
University of Massachusetts, Worcester, Massachusetts USA.
51 West Nile virus: a growing concern?
L. Hannah Gould and Erol Fikrig
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
52 Progress on new vaccine strategies against chronic viral infections Jay A. Berzkofsky, Jeffrey D. Ahlers, John Janik, John Morris, SangKon Oh, Masaki Terabe,
and Igor M. Belyakov
National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
53 Parainfluenza virus entry into cells as a target for interrupting
childhood respiratory disease
Anne Moscona
Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA.
54 Influenza vaccines: present and future Peter Palese and Adolfo Garcia-Sastre
Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA.
55 Live-attenuated virus vaccines for respiratory syncytial and parainfluenza viruses: applications of reverse genetics
Brian R. Murphy and Peter L. Collins
National Institute for Allergy and Infectious diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
56 Herpes simplex viruses: is a vaccine tenable?
Richard J. Whitley and Bernard Roizman
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
57 Prophylactic human papillomavirus vaccines
Douglas R. Lowy and John T. Schiller
National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
PART 6 – RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
58 Disorders of lung matrix remodeling
Harold A. Chapman
University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
59 New insights into the pathogenesis of asthma
Jack A. Elias, Chun Geun Lee, Tao Zheng, Bing Ma, Robert J. Homer, and Zhou Zhu
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
60 JAK-STAT signaling in asthma
Alessandra B. Pernis and Paul B. Rothman
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
61 Rescuing protein conformation: prospects for pharmacological therapy
in cystic fibrosis
Marina S. Gelman and Ron R. Kopito
Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, USA.
62 Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and its implications for fibrosis
Raghu Kalluri and Eric G. Neilson
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
PART 7 ￢– CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
63 Oxygen, oxidative stress, hypoxia, and heart failure
Frank J. Giordano
Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
64 NO/redox disequilibrium in the failing heart and cardiovascular system
Joshua M. Hare and Jonathan S. Stamler
Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
65 Genetic causes of human heart failure
Hiroyuki Morita, Jonathan Seidman, and Christine E. Seidman
Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
66 Protein kinase cascade in the regulation of cardiac hypertrophy
Gerald W. Dorn II and Thomas Force
University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
67 Toward transcriptional therapies for the failing heart: chemical screens
to modulate genes
Timothy A. McKinsey and Eric N. Olson
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
68 Mitochondrial energy metabolism in heart failure: a question of balance
Janice M. Huss and Daniel P. Kelly
Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
69 Death begets heart failure
Roger S.-Y. Foo, Kartik Mani, and Richard N. Kitsis
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA.
70 Unchain my heart: the scientific foundations of cardiac repair
Stefanie Dimmeler, Andreas M. Zeiher, and Michael D. Schneider
University of Frankfurt Frankfurt, Germany
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
71 Biological basis for the cardiovascular consequences of COX-2 inhibition: therapeutic challenges and opportunities
Garret A. Fitzgerald
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
72 Sex is a potent modifier of the cardiovascular system
Leslie Leinwand
University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
Vascular Diseases
73 Cholesterol in health and disease
Ira Tabas
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
74 Cholesterol, lipid rafts, and disease
Kai Simons and Robert Ehehalt
Max Planck Instittue of Molecular medicine, Dresden, Germany.
75 Malformation syndromes due to inborn errors of cholesterol synthesis
Forbes D. Porter
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
76 Intracellular cholesterol transport
Frederick R. Maxfield and Daniel Wustner
Cornel University Medical College, New York, USA.
77 Regulation and mechanisms of macrophage cholesterol efflux
Alan R. Tall, Philippe Costet, and Nan Wang
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
78 Consequences of cellular cholesterol accumulation: basic concepts and physiological implications
Ira Tabas
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
79 Monogenic hypercholesterolemia: new insights in pathogenesis and treatment
Daniel J. Rader, Jonathan Cohen, and Helen H. Hobbs
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
80 Isoprenoids as mediators of the biological effects of statins
James K. Liao
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Disorders of rhythm
81 The channelopathies: novel insights into molecular and genetic
mechanisms of human disease
Robert Kass
Columbia University Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
82 Mechanisms of sudden cardiac death
Michael Rubart and Douglas P. Zipes
Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
83 Long QT syndrome: from channels to cardiac arrhythmias
Arthur J. Moss and Robert Kass
University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.
84 Genetics of acquired long QT syndrome
Dan M. Roden
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
85 Muscle channelopathies and critical points in functional and genetic studies
Karin Jurkat-Rott and Frank Lehmann-Horn
Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
86 Inherited disorders of voltage-gated sodium channels
Alfred L. George, Jr.
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
87 Cardiac and skeletal muscle disorders caused by mutations in the
intracellular Ca2+-release channels
Silvia G. Priori and Carlo Napolitano
University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
88 Chloride channel diseases resulting from impaired transepithelial
transport or vesicular function
Thomas J. Jentsch, Tanja Maritzen, and Anselm A. Zdebik
PART 8 – HEMATOLOGY
89 Megakaryocyte biology and related disorders
Liyan Pang, Mitchell J. Weiss, and Mortimer Poncz
Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
90 The molecular mechanisms that control thrombopoiesis
Kenneth Kaushansky
University of California, San Diego, California, USA.
91 Thrombus formation in vivo
Bruce Furie and Barbara C. Furie
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University. Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
92 Platelet genomics and proteomics in human health and disease
Ian C. Macauley, Philippa Carr, Arief Gusnanto, Willem H. Ouwehand,
Des Fitzgerald, and Nicholas A. Watkins
University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
93 The biogenesis of platelets from megakaryocyte proplatelets
Sunita R. Patel, John H. Hartwig, and Joseph Italiano
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
94 Platelets in inflammation and atherogenesis
Meinrad Gawaz, harald Langer, and Andreas E. May
Munich Technical University, Munich, Germany.
95 Structure and function of the platelet integrin IIb3
Joel S. Bennett
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
96 Minding the gaps to promote thrombus growth and stability
Lawrence F. Brass, Li Zhu, and Timothy J. Stalker
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
97 Untying the Gordian knot: policies, practices, and ethical issues related to
banking of umbilical cord blood
Joanne Kurtzberg
Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
PART 9 – GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM
98 Intestinal ion transport and the pathophysiology of diarrhea
Michael Field
Columbia University Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
99 Molecular mediators of hepatic steatosis and liver injury
Jeffrey D. Browning and Jay D. Horton
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
100 Liver fibrosis
Ramon Bataller and David A. Brenner
Columbia University Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
101 SREBPs: activators of the complete program of cholesterol and
fatty acid synthesis in the liver
Jay D. Horton, Joseph L. Goldstein, and Michael S. Brown
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
PART 10 – ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
102 Genetic epidemiology of diabetes
M. Alan. Permutt, Jonathan Wasson, and Nancy Cox
Washington University. St. Louis, USA.
103 ATP-sensitive potassium channelopathies: focus on insulin secretion
Frances M. Ashcroft
University of Oxford, Oxford, Great Britain.
104 Gestational diabetes mellitus
Thomas A. Buchanan and Anny H. Xiang
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
105 Regeneration of the pancreatic cell
Massimo Trucco
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
106 Challenges facing islet transplantation for the treatment of
type 1 diabetes mellitus
Kristina I. Rother and David M. Harlan
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
107 How does blood glucose control with insulin save lives in intensive care?
Greet Van den Berghe
Katholieke University Lueven, Belgium.
108 Thyrotropin receptor–associated diseases: from adenomata to Graves’ disease
Terry F. Davies, Takao Ando, Reigh-Yi Lin, Yaron Tomer and Rauf Latif
Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA.
109 Inflammation, stress, and diabetes
Kathryn E. Wellen and Gokhan S. Hotamisligil
Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
110 Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors in insulin resistance,
diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome
Takashi Kadowaki, Toshimasa Yamauchi, Naoto Kubota, Kazuo Hara, Kohjiro Ueki, and Kazuyuki Tobe
University of Tokyo and National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
111 The role of cholesterol efflux in regulating the fertilization potential of mammalian spermatozoa
Alexander J. Travis and Gregory S. Kopf
Wyeth, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
112 Trophoblast differentiation during embryo implantation and formation of
the maternal-fetal interface
Susan Fisher
University of Califronia, San Francisco, California, USA.
PART 11 – KIDNEY AND URINARY TRACT
113 Acute renal failure: definitions, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and therapy R.W. Schrier, W. Wang, B. Poole, and A. Mitra
University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA.
114 Kidney stone disease
Fredric L. Coe, Andrew Evan, and Elaine Worcester
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
115 Salt handling and hypertension
Kevin M. O’Shaughnessy and Fiona E. Karet
Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, Cambridge, England, Great Britain.
PART 12 – BONE AND MINERAL METABOLISM
116 Pathogenesis of osteoporosis: concepts, conflicts, and prospects
Lawrence G. Raisz
University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
117 Paget disease of bone
G. David Roodman and Jolene J. Windle
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
118 Estrogen deficiency and bone loss: an inflammatory tale
M. Neale Weitzmann and Roberto Pacifici
Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
119 Regulation of bone mass by Wnt signaling
Venkatesh Krishnan, Henry U. Bryant, and Ormond A. MacDougald
Lily Research laboratories, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
Univeristy of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
PART 13 – NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS
120 VEGF: A critical player in neurodegeneration
Erik Strorkebaum and Peter Carmeliet
Katholieke University Lueven, Belgium.
121 Neurogenesis and brain injury: managing a renewable source for repair
Daniel Peterson
Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA.
122 Oxidative stress, cell cycle, and neurodegeneration
Jeffrey A. Klein and Susan L. Ackerman
The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA.
123 Neuronal degeneration and mitochondrial dysfunction
Eric A. Schon and Giovanni Manfredi
Columbia University Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
124 The role of cerebral A accumulation in common forms of Alzheimer disease
Sam Gandy
Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
125 Alzheimer disease therapy: Can the amyloid cascade be halted?
Todd E. Golde
Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida.
126 Diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson disease: molecules to medicine
Joseph M. Savitt, Valina L. Dawson, and Ted M. Dawson
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
127 Huntingtin in health and disease
Anne B. Young
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
128 Programmed cell death in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Christelle Guegan and Serge Przedborski
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
129 Multiple sclerosis
David A. Hafler
Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
130 Progress and problems in the biology, diagnostics, and therapeutics of prion diseases
Adriano Aguzzi
University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
131 The genetic epidemiology of neurodegenerative disease
Lars Bertrum and Rudolf Tanzi
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.
132 Sodium channels in epilepsy and other neurological disorders
Miriam Meislerand Jennifer Kearney
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
133 Finding schizophrenia genes
George Kirov, Michael O’Donovan, and Michael Owen
University of Wales, Cardiff, Great Britain.
134 The addicted human brain: insights from imaging studies
Nora D. Volkow, Joanna S. Fowler, and Gene-Jack Wang
Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA.
PART 14 – GENETICS AND DISEASE
135 Mapping the new frontier – complex genetic disorders
Richard Mayeux
Columbia University Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
136 Mapping quantitative trait loci in humans: achievements and limitations
Partha Majumder and Saurabh Ghosh
Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India.
137 Linkage disequilibrium maps and association mapping
Newtown Morton
University of Southampton, Southampton, Great Britain.
138 Genetic counselors: translating genomic science into clinical practice
Robin L. Bennett, Heather L. Hampel, Jessica B. Mandell, and Joan H. Marks
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
139 Genetic counseling throughout the life cycle
Leslie J. Ciarleglio, Robin L. Bennett, Jennifer Williamson, Jessica B. Mandell,
and Joan H. Marks
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.
140 Payment of clinical research subjects
Christine Grady
Clinical Bioethics, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
141 Embryonic death and the creation of human embryonic stem cells
Donald W. Landry and Howard A. Zucker
Columbia University Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA
142 Stem cells: science, policy, and ethics
Gerald D. Fischbach and Ruth L. Fischbach
Columbia University Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA.